Civil Service Exam Chemistry Main Exam Paper Two Syllabus
1. Delocalised Covalent Bonding:Aromaticity, anti-aromaticity; annulenes, azulenes, tropolones fulvenes, sydnones
2 (a) Reaction Mechanisms:General methods (both kinetic and non-ninetic) of study of mechanism of organic reaxtions:osotopic method, cross-over experiment, intermediate trapping stereochemistry ;,energy of activation; thermodynamic control and kinetic control of reactions.
(b) Reactive Intermediates:Generation, geometry’s stability and reactions of c arbonium ions and carbanions , free radicals, carbenes, benzynes and nitrenes
(c) Substituion Reaction:SN₁, SN ₂and SN ₁mechanisms; neighbouring group participating electrophilic and nucleophilic reactions of aromatic compounds including heterocyclic compounds-pyrrole , furan, thiophene and indole.
(d) Elimination Reaction:E₁, E₂ and E₁ cb mechanism; orientation in E2 reactions-Saytzeff and Hoffmann; pyrolytic syn elimination-Chugaev and Cope eliminations
(e) Addition Reactions:Electrophilic addition to C=C and C=C; nucleophilic addition to C=C ,C=N, conjugated olefins and carbonyls
(f) Reactions and Rearrangementsa) Pinacol-pinacolone ,Hoffmann,Beckmann,Baeyer= Villiger Favorskii,Fries,Claisen,Cope,Stevens and Wagner-Meerwein rearrangements.(b) Aldol condensation ,Claisen condensation,Dieckmann,Perkin,Knoevenagel, Witting,Clemmensen, Wolff-Kishner,Cannizzaro and von Rochter reactions;Stobbe,benzoin and acyloin condensation Fischer indole synthesis,Skraup synthesis,Bischler-Napieralski,Sandmeyer,Reimer- Tiemann and Reformatsky reactions.
3.Pericyclic Reactions:Classification and examples;Woodward-Hoffmann rules-electrocyclic reaction Cycloaddition reactions[2+2 and 4+2]and sigmatropic shifs [1,3,3,3and 1, 5 ] FMO appeoach
4. (a) Preparation and properties of Polyments:Organic polymers-polyethylene, polystyrene,polyvinyl chloride, Teflon,nylon, terylene, synthetic and natural rubber
(b) Biopolymers:Structure of proteins,DNA ad RNA
5 Synthetic Uses of Reagents:OsO₄, HIO₄,CrO₃ Pb (OAc)₄,SeO₂,NBS, B ₂H₆, Na-Liquid NH, LiAIH₄, NaBH₄,n-BuLi and MCPBA
Photochemistry:Photochemical reactions of simple organic compounds, excited and ground states single and triplet states,Norrish-Type 1 and Type II reactions
7 Spectroscopy:Principle and applications in structure elucidation
(a) Rotational:Diatomic molecules; isotopic substitution and rotational constants
(b) Vibrational:diatomic molecules,linear triatomic molecules, specific frequencies of function groups in polyatomic molecules
(c) Electromic:Single and triplet states;n>7π* and p-7π*transitions;application to conjugated double bonds and conjugated carbonyls-Woodward-Fieser rules;Change transfer spectra.
(d) Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (¹H NMR): Basic principle; chemical shift and spin-spin interaction and coupling constants
(e) Mass Spectrometry: Parent peak, base peak, metastable peak, McLafferty rearrangement.
1. Delocalised Covalent Bonding:Aromaticity, anti-aromaticity; annulenes, azulenes, tropolones fulvenes, sydnones
2 (a) Reaction Mechanisms:General methods (both kinetic and non-ninetic) of study of mechanism of organic reaxtions:osotopic method, cross-over experiment, intermediate trapping stereochemistry ;,energy of activation; thermodynamic control and kinetic control of reactions.
(b) Reactive Intermediates:Generation, geometry’s stability and reactions of c arbonium ions and carbanions , free radicals, carbenes, benzynes and nitrenes
(c) Substituion Reaction:SN₁, SN ₂and SN ₁mechanisms; neighbouring group participating electrophilic and nucleophilic reactions of aromatic compounds including heterocyclic compounds-pyrrole , furan, thiophene and indole.
(d) Elimination Reaction:E₁, E₂ and E₁ cb mechanism; orientation in E2 reactions-Saytzeff and Hoffmann; pyrolytic syn elimination-Chugaev and Cope eliminations
(e) Addition Reactions:Electrophilic addition to C=C and C=C; nucleophilic addition to C=C ,C=N, conjugated olefins and carbonyls
(f) Reactions and Rearrangementsa) Pinacol-pinacolone ,Hoffmann,Beckmann,Baeyer= Villiger Favorskii,Fries,Claisen,Cope,Stevens and Wagner-Meerwein rearrangements.(b) Aldol condensation ,Claisen condensation,Dieckmann,Perkin,Knoevenagel, Witting,Clemmensen, Wolff-Kishner,Cannizzaro and von Rochter reactions;Stobbe,benzoin and acyloin condensation Fischer indole synthesis,Skraup synthesis,Bischler-Napieralski,Sandmeyer,Reimer- Tiemann and Reformatsky reactions.
3.Pericyclic Reactions:Classification and examples;Woodward-Hoffmann rules-electrocyclic reaction Cycloaddition reactions[2+2 and 4+2]and sigmatropic shifs [1,3,3,3and 1, 5 ] FMO appeoach
4. (a) Preparation and properties of Polyments:Organic polymers-polyethylene, polystyrene,polyvinyl chloride, Teflon,nylon, terylene, synthetic and natural rubber
(b) Biopolymers:Structure of proteins,DNA ad RNA
5 Synthetic Uses of Reagents:OsO₄, HIO₄,CrO₃ Pb (OAc)₄,SeO₂,NBS, B ₂H₆, Na-Liquid NH, LiAIH₄, NaBH₄,n-BuLi and MCPBA
Photochemistry:Photochemical reactions of simple organic compounds, excited and ground states single and triplet states,Norrish-Type 1 and Type II reactions
7 Spectroscopy:Principle and applications in structure elucidation
(a) Rotational:Diatomic molecules; isotopic substitution and rotational constants
(b) Vibrational:diatomic molecules,linear triatomic molecules, specific frequencies of function groups in polyatomic molecules
(c) Electromic:Single and triplet states;n>7π* and p-7π*transitions;application to conjugated double bonds and conjugated carbonyls-Woodward-Fieser rules;Change transfer spectra.
(d) Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (¹H NMR): Basic principle; chemical shift and spin-spin interaction and coupling constants
(e) Mass Spectrometry: Parent peak, base peak, metastable peak, McLafferty rearrangement.
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