ANTHROPOLOGY
PAPER-1
PART-1
1.1 Meaning and scope Anthropology
1.2 Relationship with other disciplines:History,Economics,Sociology,Psychology,Political Sciences , Life Science, Medical Science
1.3 Main branches of Anthropology, their scope and relevance
a) Social-cultural Anthropology
b) physical and biological Anthropology
c)Archaeological Anthropology
1.4 Human Evolution and emergence of man
Organic Evolution-Theories of evolution in historical perspective, pre-Darwinian, Darwinian and Post-Darwinian period. modern synthetic theory of evolution; brief outline of terms and concepts of evolutionary biology(Doll’s rule, Cope’s rule,Gause’s rule, Parallelism, convergence , adaptive , radiation, mosaic evolution); Principles of systematic and taxonomy, major primate taxa, tertiary and quaternary fossil primates,Systematics of Hominoidoa and Hominidae,Origin and evolution of man-‘Home erectus and Homo sapiens’
1.5 Phylogenetic status, characteristics and distribution of the following
a) Prepleistocence fossil primates-Oreopithecus
b) South and East African hominids-Plesianthropus Australopithecus Africaus,Paranthropus Australopithecus
c) Paranthropus-Homo erectus-Homo erectus javanicus,Homo erectus pekinensis
d) Homo Heidelhergensis
e) Neanderthal man-La-chapelle-aus-saints (Classical type), mt. Carmelites types (Progressive type)
f) Rhodesian man
g) Homo sapiens-Cro Magnon,Grimaldi ,Chancelede
Recent advances in understanding the evolution, distribution and multidisciplinary approach understand a fossil type in relation to others
1.6 Evolutionary trend and classification of the order Primates, Relationship with other mammals , molecular evolution of Primates, Comparative anatomy of man and apes, primate locomotion; terrestrial and arboreal adaption, skeletal changes due to erect posture and its implications.
1.7 Cultural Evolution-broad outline of pre-historic cultures:
a) Paleolithic
b) Mesolithic
c) Neolithic
d) Chalcolithic
e) Copper-Bronze age
f) Iron age
2.1 Family –definition and typology of family, household and domestic groups. Basic structure and functions; stability and changes in family. Typological and processual approaches to the study of family, Impact of urbanization, industrialization, education and feminist movements. Universality of family-a critique
2.2 Concept of kinship: Definition of kin, Incest prohibition exogamy and endogamy. Principle of desent-types and functions. Political and jural aspects of kinship.Unilineal, bilateral and double desent. Descent, filiation and complementary filiation.Kinship terminology, typology and approaches to the study of terminology Alliance and descent
2.3 Marriage: Definitions, types and variation of marriage systems. Debates on the universal definition of marriage. Regulation of marriage-preferential, prescriptive , proscriptive and open systems .Types and form of marriage Dowry , bride-price, pestation and marriage Dowry ,bride price, pestation and marriage stability.
3.1 Study of culture, patterns and processes. Concept of culture, patterns of culture , relationship[s between culture and civilization and society
3.2 Concept of social change and cultural change
3.3 Social; structure and social organization, Role-analysis and social network. Institutions .groups community. Social stratifications: principles and form, status, class and power , gender Nature and types of mobility
3.4 Concept of Society
3.5 Approaches to the study of culture and society-classical evolutionism,neo-evolutionism, culture ecology, historical particularism and diffusionism , structural-functionalism, culture and personality transactions-alism, symbolism, cognitive approach and new ethnography , post structuralism and post modernism
4.1 Definitions and functions of religion. Anthropological approaches to the study of religion-evolutionary, psychological and functional .Magic, witchcraft and sorery; definitions and functions and functionaries: Priest, saman, medicine man and sorcerers. Symbolism in religion and rituals.Ethnomedicine.Myths and rituals: definitions and approaches to their study-structural , functional and processual Relation with economic and political structures
5.1 Meaning , scope and relevance, principles governing productions, distribution and consumption in communities subsisting on hunting-gathering , fishing , pastoralism, horticulture and other economic pursuits. Formalist and substantives debate-Dalton, karlpolyanny and Marx approach and New Economic Anthropology.Exchange: Gifts, barter, trade, ceremonial exchange and market economy
5.2 Theoretical foundations. Types of political organizations-band, tribe, chiefdom, state, concept of power, authority and legitimacy. Social control, law and justice in tribal and peasant societies
6.1 Concepts of developmental anthropological perspective3.Models of development. Critiques of classical developmental theories. Concept of planning and planned development. Concepts of participatory development. Culture ecology and sustainable developmet.Displacement and rehabilitation.
Part-II
7.1 Consept of research in anthropology ,subhectivity and reflexivity in terms of gender class,ideology and ethics.Distinction between methodology, methods and techniques. Nature and explanation in anthropological research.Positivistics and non-positivistic approaches.Comparative methods nature,purpose and methods of comparision in social and cultural anthropology.Basic techniques of data collection.Interview, participant and other forms of observation, schedules, questionnaire case-study methods, extended case study methods, life histories and secondary sources,oral history genealogical method,participatory , learning and assessment (PLA). Participatory rapid assessment (PRA). Analysis, interpretation and presentation of data
8.1 Concept, scope and major branches of human genetics. Its relationship with other branches science and medicine.
8.2 Method for study of genetic principles in man-family study (pedigree analysis, twin study, foster child, co-twin method, cytogenetic method, chromosomal and karyotype analysis), biochemical methods, immunological methods,D.N.A. technology and recombinant technologies
8.3 Twin study method-zygosity, heritability estimates, present status of the twin study method and its applications.
8.4 Mendelian genetics in man-family study , single factor, multifactor, lethal, sub-lethal, and polygenic inheritance in man
8.5 Concept of genetic polymorphism and selection, Mendelian population, Hardy-Weinberg law; causes and changes which bring clown frequency-mutation, isolation, migration, selection , inbreeding and genetic drift. Consanguineous and non-consanguineous mating, genetic load, genetic effect consanguineous and cousin marriages (statistical and probability methods for study of human genetics)
8.6 Chromosomes and chromosomal aberrations in man, methodology.
a) Numerical and structural aberrations (disorders)
b) Sex chromosomal aberrations Klinefelter (XXY) ,Turner (XO),Super female (XXX) ,intersex and other syndromic disorders
c) Autosomal aberrations-Down syndrome,Patau Edward and Cri-du-chat syndromes
d)Genetic imprints in human disease, genetic screening, genetic counseling, human DNA profiling gene mapping and genome study
8.7 Concept of race in historical and biological perspective. Race and racism, biological basis of morphological variation of non-metric and metric characters. Racial criteria, racial traits in relation to heredity and environment; biological basis of racial classifications, racial differentiation race-crossing in man
8.8 Ethnic groups of mankind-characteristics and distributions in world, racial classification of human groups. Principal living people of world.Theor distribution and characteristics.
8.9 Age, sex and population variation in genetic marker-ABO, Rh blood groups, HLA, Hp, transferring GM, blood enzymes. Physiological characteristics-Hb level, body fat, pulse rate, respitatory function and sensory perceptions in different cultural and socio-economic groups. Impact of smoking air pollution, alcoholism, drugs and occupational hazards on health.
9.1 Concepts and Methods of Ecological Anthropology. Adaptation-social and “cultural Deterministic theories-a critique .Resources-biological and sustainable development. Biological additional-climatic environmental, nutritional and genetic
10.1 Relevance in understanding of contemporary society. Dynamics of ethnicity at rural, tribal, urban and international levels. Ethnic conflicts and political developments. Concepts of ethnic boundaries. Ethnicity and concept of nation state.
11.1 Concept of human growth and development-stages of growth-prenatal, natal, infant, childhood adolescence, maturity, senescence. Factors affecting growth and development genetic, environmental biochemical, nutritional, cultural and socio-economic.
Ageing and senescence. Theories and observations-biological and chronological longevity. Human physique and somatotypes.methodologies for growth studies.
12.1 Reproductive biology, Demorgraphy and population study. Reproductive physiology of male and femeale.Biological aspects of human fertility. Relevance of menarche, menopause and other bioevents to fertility. Fertility patterns and differentials.
12.2 Demographic methody-census, social and cultural.
12.3 Demographic methody-census, social and cultural.
12.3 Demographic theories-biological, registration system, sample methods, duel reporting system.
12.4 Population structures and population dynamics.
12.5 Demographic rates and ratios, life table-structure and utility
12.6 Biological and socio-ecological factors influencing fecundity, fertility , natality and mortality
12.7 Methods of studying population growth|
12.8 Biological consequences of population control and family welfare
13.1 Anthropology of sports.
13.2 Nutritional Anthropology.
13.3 Anthropology in designing of defence and other equipments
13.4 Forensic Anthropology
13.5 Methods and principles of personal identification and reconstruction.
13.6 Applied human genetics-Paternity diagnosis genetic counseling and eugenics.
13.7 DNA technology-prevention and cure of diseases.
13.8 Anthrop-genetics in medicine
13.9 Serogenetics and cytogeneiics in reproductive biology
13.10 Application of statistical principles in human genetics and Physical Anthropology
PAPER-1
PART-1
1.1 Meaning and scope Anthropology
1.2 Relationship with other disciplines:History,Economics,Sociology,Psychology,Political Sciences , Life Science, Medical Science
1.3 Main branches of Anthropology, their scope and relevance
a) Social-cultural Anthropology
b) physical and biological Anthropology
c)Archaeological Anthropology
1.4 Human Evolution and emergence of man
Organic Evolution-Theories of evolution in historical perspective, pre-Darwinian, Darwinian and Post-Darwinian period. modern synthetic theory of evolution; brief outline of terms and concepts of evolutionary biology(Doll’s rule, Cope’s rule,Gause’s rule, Parallelism, convergence , adaptive , radiation, mosaic evolution); Principles of systematic and taxonomy, major primate taxa, tertiary and quaternary fossil primates,Systematics of Hominoidoa and Hominidae,Origin and evolution of man-‘Home erectus and Homo sapiens’
1.5 Phylogenetic status, characteristics and distribution of the following
a) Prepleistocence fossil primates-Oreopithecus
b) South and East African hominids-Plesianthropus Australopithecus Africaus,Paranthropus Australopithecus
c) Paranthropus-Homo erectus-Homo erectus javanicus,Homo erectus pekinensis
d) Homo Heidelhergensis
e) Neanderthal man-La-chapelle-aus-saints (Classical type), mt. Carmelites types (Progressive type)
f) Rhodesian man
g) Homo sapiens-Cro Magnon,Grimaldi ,Chancelede
Recent advances in understanding the evolution, distribution and multidisciplinary approach understand a fossil type in relation to others
1.6 Evolutionary trend and classification of the order Primates, Relationship with other mammals , molecular evolution of Primates, Comparative anatomy of man and apes, primate locomotion; terrestrial and arboreal adaption, skeletal changes due to erect posture and its implications.
1.7 Cultural Evolution-broad outline of pre-historic cultures:
a) Paleolithic
b) Mesolithic
c) Neolithic
d) Chalcolithic
e) Copper-Bronze age
f) Iron age
2.1 Family –definition and typology of family, household and domestic groups. Basic structure and functions; stability and changes in family. Typological and processual approaches to the study of family, Impact of urbanization, industrialization, education and feminist movements. Universality of family-a critique
2.2 Concept of kinship: Definition of kin, Incest prohibition exogamy and endogamy. Principle of desent-types and functions. Political and jural aspects of kinship.Unilineal, bilateral and double desent. Descent, filiation and complementary filiation.Kinship terminology, typology and approaches to the study of terminology Alliance and descent
2.3 Marriage: Definitions, types and variation of marriage systems. Debates on the universal definition of marriage. Regulation of marriage-preferential, prescriptive , proscriptive and open systems .Types and form of marriage Dowry , bride-price, pestation and marriage Dowry ,bride price, pestation and marriage stability.
3.1 Study of culture, patterns and processes. Concept of culture, patterns of culture , relationship[s between culture and civilization and society
3.2 Concept of social change and cultural change
3.3 Social; structure and social organization, Role-analysis and social network. Institutions .groups community. Social stratifications: principles and form, status, class and power , gender Nature and types of mobility
3.4 Concept of Society
3.5 Approaches to the study of culture and society-classical evolutionism,neo-evolutionism, culture ecology, historical particularism and diffusionism , structural-functionalism, culture and personality transactions-alism, symbolism, cognitive approach and new ethnography , post structuralism and post modernism
4.1 Definitions and functions of religion. Anthropological approaches to the study of religion-evolutionary, psychological and functional .Magic, witchcraft and sorery; definitions and functions and functionaries: Priest, saman, medicine man and sorcerers. Symbolism in religion and rituals.Ethnomedicine.Myths and rituals: definitions and approaches to their study-structural , functional and processual Relation with economic and political structures
5.1 Meaning , scope and relevance, principles governing productions, distribution and consumption in communities subsisting on hunting-gathering , fishing , pastoralism, horticulture and other economic pursuits. Formalist and substantives debate-Dalton, karlpolyanny and Marx approach and New Economic Anthropology.Exchange: Gifts, barter, trade, ceremonial exchange and market economy
5.2 Theoretical foundations. Types of political organizations-band, tribe, chiefdom, state, concept of power, authority and legitimacy. Social control, law and justice in tribal and peasant societies
6.1 Concepts of developmental anthropological perspective3.Models of development. Critiques of classical developmental theories. Concept of planning and planned development. Concepts of participatory development. Culture ecology and sustainable developmet.Displacement and rehabilitation.
Part-II
7.1 Consept of research in anthropology ,subhectivity and reflexivity in terms of gender class,ideology and ethics.Distinction between methodology, methods and techniques. Nature and explanation in anthropological research.Positivistics and non-positivistic approaches.Comparative methods nature,purpose and methods of comparision in social and cultural anthropology.Basic techniques of data collection.Interview, participant and other forms of observation, schedules, questionnaire case-study methods, extended case study methods, life histories and secondary sources,oral history genealogical method,participatory , learning and assessment (PLA). Participatory rapid assessment (PRA). Analysis, interpretation and presentation of data
8.1 Concept, scope and major branches of human genetics. Its relationship with other branches science and medicine.
8.2 Method for study of genetic principles in man-family study (pedigree analysis, twin study, foster child, co-twin method, cytogenetic method, chromosomal and karyotype analysis), biochemical methods, immunological methods,D.N.A. technology and recombinant technologies
8.3 Twin study method-zygosity, heritability estimates, present status of the twin study method and its applications.
8.4 Mendelian genetics in man-family study , single factor, multifactor, lethal, sub-lethal, and polygenic inheritance in man
8.5 Concept of genetic polymorphism and selection, Mendelian population, Hardy-Weinberg law; causes and changes which bring clown frequency-mutation, isolation, migration, selection , inbreeding and genetic drift. Consanguineous and non-consanguineous mating, genetic load, genetic effect consanguineous and cousin marriages (statistical and probability methods for study of human genetics)
8.6 Chromosomes and chromosomal aberrations in man, methodology.
a) Numerical and structural aberrations (disorders)
b) Sex chromosomal aberrations Klinefelter (XXY) ,Turner (XO),Super female (XXX) ,intersex and other syndromic disorders
c) Autosomal aberrations-Down syndrome,Patau Edward and Cri-du-chat syndromes
d)Genetic imprints in human disease, genetic screening, genetic counseling, human DNA profiling gene mapping and genome study
8.7 Concept of race in historical and biological perspective. Race and racism, biological basis of morphological variation of non-metric and metric characters. Racial criteria, racial traits in relation to heredity and environment; biological basis of racial classifications, racial differentiation race-crossing in man
8.8 Ethnic groups of mankind-characteristics and distributions in world, racial classification of human groups. Principal living people of world.Theor distribution and characteristics.
8.9 Age, sex and population variation in genetic marker-ABO, Rh blood groups, HLA, Hp, transferring GM, blood enzymes. Physiological characteristics-Hb level, body fat, pulse rate, respitatory function and sensory perceptions in different cultural and socio-economic groups. Impact of smoking air pollution, alcoholism, drugs and occupational hazards on health.
9.1 Concepts and Methods of Ecological Anthropology. Adaptation-social and “cultural Deterministic theories-a critique .Resources-biological and sustainable development. Biological additional-climatic environmental, nutritional and genetic
10.1 Relevance in understanding of contemporary society. Dynamics of ethnicity at rural, tribal, urban and international levels. Ethnic conflicts and political developments. Concepts of ethnic boundaries. Ethnicity and concept of nation state.
11.1 Concept of human growth and development-stages of growth-prenatal, natal, infant, childhood adolescence, maturity, senescence. Factors affecting growth and development genetic, environmental biochemical, nutritional, cultural and socio-economic.
Ageing and senescence. Theories and observations-biological and chronological longevity. Human physique and somatotypes.methodologies for growth studies.
12.1 Reproductive biology, Demorgraphy and population study. Reproductive physiology of male and femeale.Biological aspects of human fertility. Relevance of menarche, menopause and other bioevents to fertility. Fertility patterns and differentials.
12.2 Demographic methody-census, social and cultural.
12.3 Demographic methody-census, social and cultural.
12.3 Demographic theories-biological, registration system, sample methods, duel reporting system.
12.4 Population structures and population dynamics.
12.5 Demographic rates and ratios, life table-structure and utility
12.6 Biological and socio-ecological factors influencing fecundity, fertility , natality and mortality
12.7 Methods of studying population growth|
12.8 Biological consequences of population control and family welfare
13.1 Anthropology of sports.
13.2 Nutritional Anthropology.
13.3 Anthropology in designing of defence and other equipments
13.4 Forensic Anthropology
13.5 Methods and principles of personal identification and reconstruction.
13.6 Applied human genetics-Paternity diagnosis genetic counseling and eugenics.
13.7 DNA technology-prevention and cure of diseases.
13.8 Anthrop-genetics in medicine
13.9 Serogenetics and cytogeneiics in reproductive biology
13.10 Application of statistical principles in human genetics and Physical Anthropology
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